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eBook details

• Title: International Law Issues Raised by the Transfer of Detainees by Canadian Forces in Afghanistan.
• Author : McGill Law Journal
• Release Date : January 01, 2011
• Genre: Law,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 392 KB

Description

The transfer of Afghan detainees to Afghan authorities by Canadian forces raised concerns in public opinion, in Parliament, and was the object of court proceedings and other enquiries in Canada. This article aims to explore the rules of international law applicable to such transfers. The most relevant rule of international humanitarian law (IHL) applies to prisoners of war in international armed conflicts. However, the conflict in Afghanistan, it is argued, is not of an international character. The relevant provision could nevertheless apply based upon agreements between Canada and Afghanistan and upon unilateral declarations by Canada. In addition, international human rights law (IHRL) and the very extensive jurisprudence of its mechanisms of implementation on the obligations of a state transferring a person to the custody of another state where that person is likely to be tortured or treated inhumanely will be discussed, including the standard of care to be applied when there is an alleged risk of torture. While IHL contains the rules specifically designed for armed conflicts, IHRL may in this respect also clarify as lex specialis the interpretation of concepts of IHL. Finally, the conduct of Canadian leaders and members of the Canadian forces is governed by international criminal law (ICL). This article thus demonstrates how IHL, IHRL, and ICL are intimately interrelated in contemporary armed conflicts and how the jurisprudence of human rights bodies and of international criminal tribunals informs the understanding of IHL rules. Le transfert des detenus afghans par les forces canadiennes aux autorites afghanes a ete l'objet de preoccupations, au sein de l'opinion publique et du Parlement, et a mene a certaines procedures judicaires et enquetes au Canada. Cet article explore les regles du droit international qui s'appliquent particulierement a de tels transferts. Les regles du droit international humanitaire (DIH) les plus pertinentes sont celles relatives aux prisonniers de guerre et applicables dans les conflits armes internationaux. Cependant, on peut estimer que le conflit en Afghanistan n'est pas de caractere international. Neanmoins, ces regles pourraient s'appliquer dans ces circonstances, puisque le Canada a signe un accord aveec l'Afghanistan et a fait certaines declarations unilaterales. De surcroit, cet article presente le droit international des droits de l'homme (DIDH) et la jurisprudence portant sur l'obligation d'un Etat d'agir avec la diligence necessaire lorsqu'il transfere la charge d'une personne a un autre Etat ou il existe un risque reel de torture ou de traitement inhumain. Bien que le DIH contiennent les regles applicables aux conflits armes, le DIH pourrait, en tant que lex specialis. guider l'interpretation des concepts du DIH. Finalement, la conduite des dirigeants canadiens et des membres des forces canadiennes est regie par le droit penal international (DPI). Par consequent, cet article demontre l'interrelation intime entre le DIH, le DIDH et le DPI en ce qui a trait aux conflits armes contemporains et a la facon dont la jurisprudence des organismes de droits de l'homme et les tribunaux penaux internationaux contribuent a notre comprehension des regles de DIH.

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